中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 209-214.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.02.009

• 组织工程骨及软骨材料 tissue-engineered bone and cartilage materials • 上一篇    下一篇

定向结构软骨支架材料修复运动性关节软骨损伤

赵  霞1,郭秋林2
  

  1. 1晋中学院体育学院,山西省晋中市  030619;2山西医科大学体育教学部,山西省太原市  030001
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-13 出版日期:2017-01-18 发布日期:2017-02-27
  • 作者简介:赵霞,女,1981年生,山西省太原市人,汉族,2007年天津中医药大学毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事针灸推拿学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    山西省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2014010023)

Directional cartilage scaffold for the repair of articular cartilage injury caused by exercise

Zhao Xia1, Guo Qiu-lin2
  

  1. 1School of Sport of Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Physical Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2016-12-13 Online:2017-01-18 Published:2017-02-27
  • About author:Zhao Xia, M.D., Lecturer, School of Sport of Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, No. 2014010023

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
运动损伤
:指运动过程中发生的各种损伤。其损伤部位与运动项目以及专项技术特点有关。如体操运动员受伤部位多是腕、肩及腰部,与体操动作中的支撑、转肩、跳跃、翻腾等技术有关。同时,运动前不做准备活动或准备活动不充分,身体状态不佳,缺乏适应环境的训练,以及教学、竞赛工作组织不当。运动损伤中急性多于慢性,急性损伤治疗不当、不及时或过早参加训练等原因可转化为慢性损伤。
苏木精-伊红染色:为石蜡切片技术里常用的染色法之一。苏木精染液为碱性,主要使细胞核内的染色质与胞质内的核酸着紫蓝色;伊红为酸性染料,主要使细胞质和细胞外基质中的成分着红色。苏木精-伊红染色法是组织学、胚胎学、病理学教学与科研中最基本、使用最广泛的技术方法。

背景:软骨支架材料虽然在运动关节软骨损伤中发挥了重要的作用,但是在实际开展过程中仍受到较多的限制,导致组织工程化软骨修复达不到预期目标。
目的:探讨定向结构软骨支架材料制备方法及在大白兔运动关节软骨损伤中的修复效果。
方法:利用温度梯度热诱导相分离技术制备定向结构软骨支架材料,采用京尼平完成对软骨支架材料的交联,并测定支架材料的物理、力学性能。48只大白兔建立运动关节软骨损伤模型,随机将大白兔分为非定向支架组和定向支架组(n=24),分别于运动关节软骨损伤处植入非定向支架和定向支架,6,12,24周后取材,比较2种支架在大白兔运动关节损伤中的修复效果。
结果与结论:①扫描电镜观察:定向支架组纵切面上可见排列相对整齐的微管样结构,且方向一致;而非定向支架组纵切面与横切面表现为多孔蜂窝状结构;②弹性模量:定向支架组支架材料弹性模量显著高于非定向支架组(P < 0.05);③O'Driscoll量表评分:定向支架组大白兔术后6,12,24周显微CT下O'Driscoll量表评分显著高于非定向支架组(P < 0.05);④CT扫描:术后24周定向支架组大白兔CT下三维重建可见缺损部位平坦、光滑,冠状面二维扫面可见新生类软骨厚度与周围正常骨十分接近;非定向组大白兔3D下显示软骨表面比较平整,冠状面2D显示修复软骨与正常软骨基本相同;⑤苏木精-伊红染色:定向支架组术后24周缺损部位消失,软骨细胞呈垂直方向排列;非定向支架组术后24周缺损部位存在典型软骨陷窝,与周围软骨组织存在差异;⑥结果提示,采用温度梯度热诱导相分离技术制备的定向微管结构软骨支架具有良好的物理、力学性能,将其植入大白兔运动关节损伤软骨中能促进损伤部位修复,获得理想的机械力学性能。

关键词: 生物材料, 软骨生物材料, 定向结构, 软骨支架材料, 软骨损伤, 化学脱细胞, 机械力学性能, 山西省自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cartilage scaffold plays an important role in articular cartilage injury, but it is still restricted in practice, leading to the repair failure using tissue-engineered cartilage.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the preparation method of cartilage scaffold with directional structure and its repairing effect in cartilage injury of rabbits.
METHODS: Directional cartilage scaffolds were prepared by temperature gradient induced phase separation technique. The cross-linking of cartilage scaffold was completed with genipin. The physical and mechanical properties of scaffolds were determined. Forty-eight white rabbits were modeled into exercised-induced articular cartilage injury and equivalently randomized into two groups, followed by implantation of non-directional or directional scaffolds. Samples were collected at postoperative 6, 12 and 24 weeks to compare the repair effect of two scaffolds on rabbit joint injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Scanning electron microscope showed that the regular microstructures on the longitudinal section of directional scaffolds were aligned in the same direction, while the longitudinal and transverse planes of the non-directional scaffolds showed porous honeycomb structures. The elastic modulus of the directional scaffold was significantly higher than that of the non-directional scaffold (P < 0.05). O’Driscoll histological scores in the directional scaffold group were significantly higher than those in the non-directional scaffold group at 6, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively (P < 0.05). At postoperative 24 weeks, in the directional scaffold group, the three-dimensional reconstruction of the rabbit defect region was flat and smooth, and coronal two-dimensional scanning showed the cartilage thickness of the newborn cartilage was very close to that of the normal bone; the cartilage surface in the non-directional rabbits was flat under three-dimensional CT, and coronal two-dimensional scanning showed that the repaired cartilage was almost the same as the normal cartilage. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 24 weeks postoperatively, the defect site disappeared and the cartilage cells arranged in the vertical direction in the directional scaffold group. There were typical cartilage lacunae at the defect site in the non-directional scaffold group at 24 weeks postoperatively. Our findings suggest that the directional cartilage scaffold prepared using temperature gradient induced phase separation technique holds good physical and mechanical properties, and its implantation into the rabbit articular cartilage injury induced by exercise can promote the injury repair to obtain ideal mechanical properties.

Key words: Stents, Cartilage, Histology, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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